2011年考研英语一真题

Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as "a bodily exerciseprecious to health."But 1 some claims to the contrary,laughing probably haslittle influence on physical fitness.Laughter does 2 short-term changes inthe function of the heart and its blood vessels,3 heart rate and oxygenconsumption.But because hard laughter is difficult to 4,a good laugh isunlikely to have 5 benefits the way,say,walking or jogging does.6,instead of straining muscles to build them,as exercise does,laughterapparently accomplishes the 7.Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate thatlaughter 8 muscles,decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laughdies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9 the effects of psychologicalstress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of 10 feedbackthat improve an individual's emotional state.11 one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted 12 physical reactions.It was argued at the endof the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but they become sadwhen the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also 14 tears,evidence suggests that emotions canflow 15 muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,socialpsychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wurzburg in Germany asked volunteersto 16 a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile-or withtheir lips,which would produce a(n)17 expression.Those forced to exercisetheir smiling muscles 18 more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did thosewhose mouths were contracted in a frown,19 that expressions may influenceemotions rather than just the other way around.20,the physical act of laughtercould improve mood.2.